Geograficando

Analysis of the coastal environment's complexity. Study of anthropogenic activities in the Bahía Blanca estuary

2024-12-12T17:07:18-03:00

The coastal zone is a dynamic interface between land and sea, characterized by high biodiversity and ecological fragility. Due to the diverse ecosystem services they provide, it is estimated that 40% of the world's population lives within 100 km of the coastline. Therefore, coastal wetlands support the development and coexistence of numerous anthropogenic activities that compete for space and use them as a carrier, source and/or waste disposal. The aim of this article is to analyze the ecological complexity of one of the most diverse and productive coastal wetlands in Argentina, the Bahía Blanca estuary, by characterizing the land use and activities taking place there. The method applied is based on the use of proxy indices to determine the heterogeneity and complexity of coastal areas. The results obtained emphasize and value local specificities. The more complex sectors overlap with the more ecologically vulnerable sectors in the inner estuary. The intertwining of the actions of numerous stakeholders with specific and often conflicting interests represents a real challenge for management. In the conclusions, recommendations are made for the territorial planning of the coastal zone.

The potential of school geography for citizenship and visual education

2024-12-12T17:07:15-03:00

This article analyses the notion of public space as a curricular content from which school geography can contribute to citizenship education, and proposes visual methodologies as the didactic path for the development of teaching proposals linked to these issues. It is postulated that school geography has great potential for citizenship and political education, and can contribute to the construction of fairer and more inclusive citizenships by proposing a way of conceiving space as that which makes democratic construction possible. It is also understood that images — photographs, documentary films, maps, among others— are used in the teaching of this discipline and that they promote ways of understanding space and spatial and political experiences.

ECOLOGICAL CONDITION OF CITIES AND PROBLEMS OF POPULATION HEALTH

2024-12-12T17:07:25-03:00

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The relevance of the topic is to study the sources of air pollution, as they lead to an increase in morbidity and mortality among the population. This in turn requires radical changes in people's lifestyles, as well as the adoption of specific measures to ensure a reduction in air pollution levels. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to analyze the state of air pollution in the Republic of Uzbekistan and in particular the city of Samarkand to determine the consequences of its impact on public health.

METHODS: To achieve the set goals, empirical research methods were used: empirical description, comparison, and also analyzed the indicators of emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere in general for the Republic of Uzbekistan and by region, carried out a detailed analysis of the general morbidity of the population of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, on the basis of which a correlation and regression analysis was carried out.

FINDINGS: As a result of our research, respiratory diseases with an increase in total emissions; diseases of the endocrine system, eating disorders, and metabolic diseases; diseases of the blood, and hematopoietic organs and some diseases related to the immune system; have been found that circulatory system diseases and general morbidity also increase and these factors are interrelated.

CONCLUSION: The article outlines the following measures to ensure a reduction in the level of air pollution: modernization of industrial enterprises, improvement of transport infrastructure, use of alternative energy sources, strengthening control over emissions that pollute the atmosphere, as well as rational placement of industrial facilities. The practical significance of the study lies in the optimization of environmental monitoring data on urban air pollution in the Republic of Uzbekistan, where in general there is a high level of pollutants in the atmosphere, which in turn affects the health of the population.

Thematic digital cartography of the lower basin of the Luján River (1990-2020): a methodological approach to spatial analysis

2024-12-12T17:07:23-03:00

The article presents a detailed methodology for generating thematic land use cartography in the lower basin of the Luján River for the years 1990 and 2020, using advanced technologies such as satellite imagery, remote sensing, and geographic information systems (GIS). This methodology encompasses everything from image preprocessing to the application of supervised classification techniques to identify different land coverages. The use of supervised classification is emphasized, supported by prior knowledge of the area, fieldwork, and analysis of indices such as NDVI. Through the results of the accuracy matrix, it was demonstrated that the created cartographies are accurate and representative of the study area, validated using the Kappa method. Additionally, detailed analyses of the accuracy of classifications by category are carried out, identifying categories with the highest correlation with reality.

Female households in the municipality of Málaga (Spain)

2024-12-12T17:07:13-03:00

This paper aims to quantify and structurally characterize female-headed households—and the resident population within them—in the municipality of Málaga (Spain) in 2021. Female-headed households are those composed solely of women, potentially including male minors under 18 years of age, utilizing data from the Municipal Register of Inhabitants. This type of study confers originality to our research, and the results obtained indicate that their presence in the municipality is significant (one-fifth of the total households are female-headed, encompassing 15% of the women registered in the municipality). These households are, on average, smaller, with a very high proportion of elderly women, and a comparatively low presence of women between the ages of 18 and 64. The vast majority are composed solely of women born in Spain, with minimal representation of households composed solely of women born abroad, and even fewer mixed households. We have also focused on single-parent households—differentiating them by the birthplace of the adult—and found that their structural characteristics are very similar. In conclusion, our research provides a basic characterization of a type of household that has received, at best, only tangential attention, despite its significant incidence, at least in Málaga.

Between the dream of “one’s own home” and popular entrepreneurship. Self-construction in a popular neighborhood in the urban periphery of La Plata

2024-12-12T17:07:28-03:00

Based on a case study of a popular neighborhood on the urban periphery of the city of La Plata, the article analyzes the practices that its residents deploy to inhabit their homes. The study has a mixed methodological design, combining qualitative techniques (interviews and participant observation) and quantitative techniques (analysis of census carried out in the neighborhood). The starting point is the analysis of a popular way of living characterized as “self-construction”, within the framework of an unplanned urbanism developed informally. From this description, a series of residential practices emerging from these situations are systematized and presented: a) practices of domestication of urban space, b) consolidation of the house and c) accommodation of these spaces to new uses. With this, we aspire to a deep understanding of the material and cultural weave that, as a continuous order, recreates the universe of the domestic in the contemporary popular world and model significant personal and family projects.

Compilation of Games for the Ludic Approach to environmental education

2024-12-12T17:07:20-03:00

Environmental education represents a current challenge. The complexity of environmental issues, the behavioral changes required, the integration into the educational system, and the scarcity of resources present significant challenges that must be addressed to strengthen environmental education and achieve sustainable development. To this end, it is necessary to have didactic tools that support the work of educators. This article collects and analyzes various ludic resources aimed at the teaching and learning of environmental topics. The aim is to offer teachers a range of options to implement in their classes and help students tackle topics related to environmental awareness, natural resource conservation, biodiversity preservation, Sustainable Development Goals, responsible consumption, waste management, and climate change in a more engaging and meaningful way.

Introduction Dossier: Geograficando, 20 years connecting science and territories

2024-12-12T17:07:10-03:00

Desde su creación hace dos décadas, Geograficando ha servido como un foro vital para la discusión, el intercambio de ideas y la difusión de investigaciones innovadoras en el ámbito de la geografía y las temáticas de investigación territorial interdisciplinaria. En el Editorial del N°1 de la Revista el Comité de Redacción proponía: “… Geograficando alude a una “parada” para encontrarnos colectivamente, escucharnos, reconocernos, a provocar una interpelación sobre los que pensamos. A co-producir una matriz de reflexión que enfatice ¿desde dónde?, ¿cómo?, ¿con quiénes?, ¿para qué?, ¿para quiénes? Construimos un pensar geográfico con responsabilidad social”. Más adelante nos convocaba a: “…promover mecanismos alternativos, lo más horizontales y federativos posibles para que desde la geografía produzcamos un discurso significativo.

Extractivist reasoning, relational geographies and valuation conflicts

2024-12-12T17:07:08-03:00

The text examines the connections and intersections that exist among the three topics set out in the title. First, the logic of extractivist practices as the dominant expression of the accumulation model of this time, its effects on territories and ways of life, and the intense process of hybridization of a nature exiled from social processes (Whatmore, 2002). Second, the construction of a ‘single world’ and the dispossession of relational geographies; Finally, the conflicts of valuation about these natures, understood according to this reading key, as part of opposing political ontologies exercised by the different actors who take an active part in them.

Feminist geographies to contribute to spaces of equality

2024-12-12T17:07:00-03:00

Las geografías feministas trabajan para desnaturalizar la dominación masculina del espacio, heterocisnormado, encarando un proceso de sensibilización de las desigualdades y opresiones de género que se expresan espacialmente de manera encubierta. De esta manera nuestras investigaciones en Argentina tienden a develar las asimetrías de poder, para resignificar las prácticas espaciales de los lugares donde vivimos y defendemos; para construir una justicia espacial feminista, más justa e inclusiva. El objetivo es asumir el desafío de superar el límite o barrera impuesta por los silencios espaciales de estereotipos que se perpetúan por roles de género rígidos que responden al sistema social, cultural y económico que prioriza el patriarcado. Las reflexiones para abordar en este artículo se organizan en dos partes: 1- la geografía feminista y sus alcances; 2- el patriarcado del espacio y las prácticas espaciales resignificadas por las relaciones de género a partir de metodologías geográficas feministas.

Geographies and the past

2024-11-27T15:25:02-03:00

The aim to articulate space and time is a constitutive part of Geography as a disciplinary tradition. In this sense, the past can be considered an explanatory dimension of the present, both in relation to the becoming of geographical ideas or territorial transformations. This text focuses on three differents approaches to the relationship between geographies and past times: the territorial formation processes, the relationship between landscape and heritage, and the decoloniality of knowledge and the understanding of the circulation of geographical ideas.

Space, territory and environment: conceptualizations in the context of the crisis/es

2024-12-12T17:07:03-03:00

The text analyzes the theoretical-methodological implications of the statement: Territory is a social construction through space-time. The analysis is situated in the current context of crisis of capitalist relations on a global scale. As an ex-post reflection on research work, the author proposes: to deepen the analysis of concepts in relation to the space-time-society trialectic; update these concepts by linking them to the Capitalocene era; and apply this contextualization and these concepts to the social production of housing from a postdisciplinary, critical, decolonial approach with a focus on situated environmental problems.

From the curriculum to the classroom: “each teacher with their didactic decisions”

2024-12-12T17:06:55-03:00

For decades, disciplinary and didactic changes and renewals have been taking place in the teaching of Geography at all educational levels; However, naturalized and ingrained teaching practices still persist in classrooms that blur its place as a social science whose conceptual and theoretical background is powerful so that students can understand and explain the environmental and territorial problems that current societies face. In this article, which certainly does not claim originality, we seek to contribute to teachers when they define and plan their educational proposals that will be the result of their personal decisions in unique and particular contexts. We intend to provide didactic criteria from which they can define with greater clarity and autonomy what geographical content to teach and how to organize it.

Between maps and communities: experience and innovations in Social Cartographies

2024-12-12T17:06:58-03:00

El artículo aborda el desarrollo y aplicación de la Cartografía Social gaúcha o “de los encuentros” desde 2007, destacando su evolución y los aportes metodológicos en la construcción de mapas comunitarios. Esta forma de cartografía surge a partir de la colaboración interdisciplinaria entre geógrafos, trabajadores sociales, sociólogos, arquitectos y antropólogos, consolidándose como una herramienta fundamental en la planificación urbana, rural, la gestión ambiental y la implementación de políticas públicas. Se detalla cómo esta metodología se ha aplicado en diversas experiencias académicas y prácticas, favoreciendo la creación de "planos comunes” que integran las experiencias colectivas de las comunidades, superando la observación externa y buscando una implicación activa en la construcción territorial. Se enfatiza también en cómo el desarrollo de este tipo de cartografía social no pretende generar representaciones, sino que apunta a producir colectivamente. Se subraya la importancia del intercambio de saberes y la participación comunitaria, donde los propios sujetos sociales contribuyen a la creación de los mapas, visibilizando aspectos que las cartografías tradicionales suelen omitir. El artículo incluye una revisión de talleres realizados en diferentes contextos, desde áreas rurales hasta urbanas, donde se abordaron temáticas como el acceso a la salud, la memoria territorial, el ocio juvenil y diversas problemáticas sociales. Además de las aplicaciones prácticas, se resalta la importancia de los aportes teóricos y metodológicos que han enriquecido esta práctica a lo largo de los años. El intercambio con investigadores de América Latina, especialmente de Brasil, ha sido fundamental en la consolidación de la cartografía social, permitiendo la incorporación de nuevas herramientas como el derrotero, que facilita la traducción de objetivos cartografiables en capas visuales y conversacionales. El texto concluye señalando los desafíos futuros de la cartografía social, especialmente en su articulación con las tecnologías emergentes, como los sistemas de información geográfica y la inteligencia artificial. Sin embargo, se mantiene el énfasis en que la base de esta metodología sigue siendo la participación activa de las comunidades, asegurando que los mapas no solo reflejen realidades territoriales, sino que también las transformen y produzcan.